Vitamin K1 Injection : Essential for Blood Clotting and Bone Health

Mechanism of Action

Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione) promotes the hepatic synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, which are essential for blood coagulation. It acts as a cofactor for a microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the post-translational carboxylation of specific glutamic acid residues in inactive hepatic precursors of these clotting factors, converting them into active coagulation factors.

Uses

Vitamin K1 injection is used to:

• Prevent and treat hemorrhagic disease of the newborn: A single intramuscular dose of 0.5 to 1 mg is recommended within one hour of birth.
• Treat anticoagulant-induced prothrombin deficiency: Initial doses range from 2.5 to 10 mg, and up to 25 mg or more may be required in rare cases.
• Manage other causes of hypoprothrombinemia: Including those due to antibiotics, salicylates, or other drugs, with doses ranging from 2.5 to 25 mg.

Dosage and Administration

• Route of Administration: Preferably subcutaneous or intramuscular. Intravenous administration should be slow, not exceeding 1 mg per minute.
• Dilution: Can be diluted with preservative-free 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, 5% Dextrose Injection, or 5% Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection.
• Newborns:Prophylaxis: 0.5 to 1 mg IM within one hour of birth.Treatment: 1 mg SC or IM, with higher doses if the mother was on oral anticoagulants.
• Adults:Anticoagulant-induced deficiency: Initial dose of 2.5 to 10 mg, up to 25 mg or more in rare cases.Other causes: 2.5 to 25 mg, depending on the severity.

Storage

Vitamin K1 injection should be stored at temperatures below 25°C, protected from light.