| 胆酸 Cholic Acid | |||
| HS | CAS | EINECS | MF：C24H40O5 |
| 81-25-4 | 201-337-8 | MW：408.57 | |
| 项目 Items |
标准（中国药典 2015） Standard （CP 2015） |
公司规格 Company Specification |
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| 含量测定 (照紫外) Assay(By UV) |
≥80% | 80% - 98% | |
| 检测 Tests |
干燥失重 Loss on drying(%) |
≤1.0% | 符合 (Conforms) |
| 粒度 Particle size |
100% through 80 mesh | 100% through 100 mesh | |
| 炽灼残留 Residue on ignition |
≤0.3% | 符合 (Conforms) | |
| 微生物杂质 Microbial Impurities |
细菌总数 Total bacterial count |
1000 cfu/g | 符合 (Conforms) |
| 霉菌和酵母菌 Moulds and yeasts |
100 cfu/g | 符合 (Conforms) | |
| 大肠杆菌 E. coli |
不得检出（Absent） | 符合（Conforms） | |
| 沙门氏菌 Salmonella |
不得检出（Absent） | 符合（Conforms） | |
| 溶解性 Solubility |
微溶于水和丙酮，易溶于无水乙醇和甲醇。 Slight soluble in ** and acetone, freely soluble in anhydrous ethanol and methanol. |
符合 (Conforms) | |
| 性状 Characteristics |
白色苦味粉末 White bitter powder |
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| 储存 Storage |
至阴凉干燥处，避光，密闭保存，防潮 Store in a tightly closed container in a cool and dry place, and moisture proof |
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| 描述 Description |
胆酸是肝脏产生的主要胆汁酸，通常与甘氨酸或牛磺酸结合。促进脂肪吸收和胆固醇排泄。胆汁酸是一种甾体酸，主要存在于哺乳动物的胆汁中。不同胆汁酸之间的区别很小，仅取决于3、7和12位上羟基的存在或缺失。胆汁酸是一种生理清洁剂，可以促进脂肪和甾醇在肠道和肝脏的排泄、吸收和运输。胆汁酸也是甾体两亲分子的来源。它们调节胆汁流动和脂质分泌，对吸收膳食脂肪和维生素至关重要，并参与调节所有涉及胆固醇稳态的关键酶。胆汁酸通过肝、胆管、小肠和门静脉循环形成肠肝循环。它们在生理pH值下以阴离子的形式存在，因此需要一个载体来通过肠肝组织的膜。胆汁酸独特的去垢性对疏水性营养素的消化和肠道吸收至关重要。 Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, and depends only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine, and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH, and consequently require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. |
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| 应用 Application |
(1)作为一种有机酸，可以乳化脂肪，改善消化功能。乳化剂 (2)可用于乳化剂中。 (3)可作为一种医药中间体应用于生物化学的研究。 (4)可用于非离子改性洗涤剂中提取膜蛋白。 (5)主要用作医药原料。 (6)胆固醇仍然是化妆品的原料，也是医药产品的良好表面活性剂。还可用作饲料添加剂。 (1) It can emulsify fat and improve its function of digestion as a kind of organic acid. (2) It can be applied in emulgator. (3) It can be applied in the research of biochemistry as a kind of medical intermediate. (4) It can be applied in non ion-modified detergent to extract membrane protein. (5) It is mainly used as medicine raw materials. (6) The cholesterol is still the raw material of cosmetics, and a good surfactant of medicine products. It can also be used for additive of animal feed. |
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| 功能 Function |
(1)可治疗胆囊炎、胆汁缺乏、肠道消化不良、胆结石等。 (2)预防和治疗肝病。 (3)是一种有机酸，可用于生产维生素D2和D3。 (1) It can treat cholecystitis, the lack of bile, intestinal indigestion and gallstones etc. (2) It can prevent and treat liver diseases. (3) It is a kind of organic acid and can be used to produce vitamin D2 and D3. |
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